A New York joke: Two people need to cross Manhattan. “Should we walk,” one asks, “or do we have time to take a taxi?” It’s no laughing matter. As rush hour approaches, the speed of New York traffic drops 38% to just 22 miles per hour between 5-6 p.m., according to Geotab’s Gridlocked Cities report.

The development of autonomous vehicles raises a host of questions about data collection. Some of the issues may arrive as vehicles incorporate more automated systems and become connected to each other and to infrastructure—before they are fully autonomous. Here are some questions likely to arise. What kind of data might be gathered about vehicles’ movements? By whom?